Preplant treatments are applied to soil before crop planting.

• A. To leaves.
• B. To soil before a crop is planted.
• C. After harvest.
• D. After crop maturation.

Answer: (B)

Preplant treatments are interventions aimed at the soil before the crop goes in the ground, to control soil-borne pests, diseases, or weeds and to improve the seedbed. The option describing applying to soil before a crop is planted matches this timing and target, which is why it’s correct. Treatments directed at leaves would be foliar or post-emergence, not preplant. Post-harvest or post-maturation treatments occur after the crop cycle ends, so they aren’t preplant. In practice, preplant soil treatments can include fumigation to reduce pests, incorporating herbicides into the soil, or adding soil amendments to improve structure and nutrient availability, all before planting.